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Multiplex Cinema
Tuesday, 18 March 2014
Starter: How blockbuster effected P-D-E?
- When was the first Multiplex in the UK?
- What was cinema attendance like in this time?
- What films were being played in the new Multiplexes (name and year?)
- How were these Multiplexes encouraging audiences to go to the cinema?
- Where are these Multiplexes built instead of the High Street and why?
- What had happened to audience leisure patterns that meant 'Fleapit' cinemas lost popularity?
- What advantages did Multiplexes offer cinema audiences and film distributors over Fleapits?
- What reasons was cinema attendance low? (Technologies and Audience Leisure Patterns)
Thursday, 13 March 2014
Final 9 Key Frames
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KEY FRAME 9
Tuesday, 11 March 2014
Homework
What social, economical & technological context gave rise to the Blockbuster film 1975-1983? Refer to specific films in your answer.
Write a 30min timed response to the question.
From 1975-1983 there were many films that gave rise to the blockbuster industry. Examples would be Jaws, The Godfather and Star Wars. These films were the starting point for a generic formula that blockbuster films follow by. The first out of the films that was released was the Godfather, which was star-studded so it became an event. Godfather was not shown in Multiplexes, as well as Jaws, because they didn't have a spectacle about them like special effects. However the Godfather brought in lots of profit because it was star-studded. Whereas in Star Wars, the actors where unknown before the film. Jaws was the next film to be released and it was the first event movie because it was released in the summer so lots of people went to see it. Jaws is actually character led so it was different to other blockbuster plots. Star Wars was the next blockbuster to be released and it was the beginning of blockbusters because they had visual effects that generated the formula that blockbusters have to include special effects in order to gain a profit.
The rise of multiplexes came about, and the first multiplex in the UK was in Milton Keyne. This changed the way people viewed cinemas as there were more cinema screens, which were bigger and had better sound for films that had spectacles such as blockbusters. People also had more choice on films, this means that they wanted more, so this means better effects and even bigger screens. This started the hype marketing which meant that movie producers relied on their effects to sell their movies. This comes under economical context because without effects that produce hype, film producers wouldn't be able to gain enough profit for their film. This caused a changed in marketing tactics and producers started to sell merchandise to promote their films. This changed films into events that people would go together with and in turn created a social meeting place. Blockbusters changed the way films were produced because more money was spent on effects because this is what gained lots of money. Producers didn't want to take a risk because film budgets rose when visual effects rose. An example of this would be Star Wars, because they were the first film to spend money on visual effects, this made it a blockbuster. Star Wars then brought in audiences because of its effects. This audience was often the youth which invested their time in watching Sci-fi films such as Star Wars and E.T. The cinema started to become a place where video games became a reality. Pre-sold films brought in more money because they wanted their fantasy to become a reality. An example of this would be Superman because it was previously a comic book. Jaws and Star Wars were the highest grossing films in the 70s and 80s, their news-worthy budgets made people want to see the films because they believed that the larger the budget, the better the film. Nowadays, this isn't always the case. Blockbuster films also became popular because people also wanted to escape from reality, such as war and the economy. They would pay to see something different on the cinema screens, they enjoyed seeing films on a larger scale as this became something special. VCR's were then introduced, which meant that people could watch films at home instead of paying the expenses of going to a cinema. This meant that film producers wouldn't gain as much profit as they would've from cinema ticket sales.
The rise of multiplexes came about, and the first multiplex in the UK was in Milton Keyne. This changed the way people viewed cinemas as there were more cinema screens, which were bigger and had better sound for films that had spectacles such as blockbusters. People also had more choice on films, this means that they wanted more, so this means better effects and even bigger screens. This started the hype marketing which meant that movie producers relied on their effects to sell their movies. This comes under economical context because without effects that produce hype, film producers wouldn't be able to gain enough profit for their film. This caused a changed in marketing tactics and producers started to sell merchandise to promote their films. This changed films into events that people would go together with and in turn created a social meeting place. Blockbusters changed the way films were produced because more money was spent on effects because this is what gained lots of money. Producers didn't want to take a risk because film budgets rose when visual effects rose. An example of this would be Star Wars, because they were the first film to spend money on visual effects, this made it a blockbuster. Star Wars then brought in audiences because of its effects. This audience was often the youth which invested their time in watching Sci-fi films such as Star Wars and E.T. The cinema started to become a place where video games became a reality. Pre-sold films brought in more money because they wanted their fantasy to become a reality. An example of this would be Superman because it was previously a comic book. Jaws and Star Wars were the highest grossing films in the 70s and 80s, their news-worthy budgets made people want to see the films because they believed that the larger the budget, the better the film. Nowadays, this isn't always the case. Blockbuster films also became popular because people also wanted to escape from reality, such as war and the economy. They would pay to see something different on the cinema screens, they enjoyed seeing films on a larger scale as this became something special. VCR's were then introduced, which meant that people could watch films at home instead of paying the expenses of going to a cinema. This meant that film producers wouldn't gain as much profit as they would've from cinema ticket sales.
Cinema in the UK
MID 70s: There was a recession in the UK.
What did people do if they didn't go to the cinema?
They watched TV.
TEENAGERS
They had more money, pocket money, able to spent, social context (disposable income).
1960s
There was rock and roll. Teenagers didn't exist before the 1960s. Kids went to work before then. Cinema attendance was down before the blockbusters. back then blockbusters saved the cinema as they bring people in.
NOW
Because people are downloading films online for free, it reduces the amount of profit for films and films get more generic.
Why did multiplex cinemas come about?
America created the idea that it also matters where you watch a cinema as well.
FILM DISTRIBUTION
Film distribution was hard because the film reels were heavy. Film companies create the films then sell in the multiplex cinemas that they own, their not going to let independent cinemas sell their films so thats why independent films went out of business.
INDUSTRIAL, LIGHT AND MAGIC Special Effects Company:
George Lucas and Steven Spielberg created the company and they both created Star Wars and E.T. Shows that they created the films to show off their special effects.
Blockbuster Trailers
JAWS (1975)
GODFATHER (1972)
STAR WARS (1997)
E.T. (1982)
)
HOW DO THEY COMPARE AS BLOCKBUSTERS?
GODFATHER (1972)
STAR WARS (1997)
E.T. (1982)
)
HOW DO THEY COMPARE AS BLOCKBUSTERS?
- At this point as Blockbusters, these films are not the same which shows that they are not formulaic.
- Star Wars is a blockbuster because there was loads of special effects in it.
- The Godfather was a blockbuster because it was star-studded so it became an event. Whereas in Star Wars, the actors where unknown before the film.
- Jaws was the first event movie because it was released in the summer so lots of people went to see it. Jaws is actually character led - it had a story line where you sympathised with the characters.
SYNTHESIS:
You can bring back good blockbusters like the Godfather because it didn't have special effects but it did bring in lots of money. Godfather was not shown in Multiplex's as well as Jaws because they didn't have a spectacle about them like special effects. Star Wars was the beginning of blockbusters because they had visual effects that generated the formula that blockbusters have to include special effects in order to gain a profit.
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